Ing corrosion metung ya kareng pekamaulaga a sangkan ningbalbulasira. Inya pin, kingbalbulaproteksyun, valve anti-corrosion metung yang importanting isyung dapat ikonsidera.
Balbulapormang kaagnasan
Ing pangasira da reng metal keraklan manibatan ya keng chemical corrosion ampo electrochemical corrosion, ampo ing pangasira da reng e metal a materyales keraklan manibatan ya keng direktang chemical ampo physical a aksyon.
1. Chemical corrosion
keng kundisyun na alang current a gagawan, ing makapadurut a medium diretsu yang magreact keng metal at siran ne, antimo ing corrosion ning metal kapamilatan ning high-temperature dry gas ampo non-electrolytic a solusyun.
2. Galvanic corrosion
Ing metal makatagkil ya keng electrolyte, a magresulta keng dagus da reng electron, na maging sangkan ning pangasira na ning electrochemical action, na ing manimunang paralan ning corrosion.
Ing karaniwan a acid-base salt solution corrosion, atmospheric corrosion, soil corrosion, waterwater corrosion, microbial corrosion, pitting corrosion ampo crevice corrosion ning stainless steel, atbp., ila ngan ing electrochemical corrosion. Ing electrochemical corrosion e mu malilyari kareng adwang sangkap a malyaring maglarin king chemical role, nune magproduce ya namang pamiyaliwa king potensyal pauli ning pamiyaliwa ning konsentrasyun ning solusyun, ing pamiyaliwa ning konsentrasyun ning makapadurut a oxygen, ing ditak a pamiyaliwa king istruktura ning sangkap, atbp., at makakwa yang upaya ning corrosion, inya sa’t ing metal a maki mababang potensyal at ing dry posisyun ning plate mewala ya.
Valve corrosion rate
Ing rate ning corrosion malyari yang miyabe keng anam a gradu:
(1) Ganap a corrosion-resistant: ing corrosion rate mas mababa ya keng 0.001 mm/banwa
(2) sobrang corrosion resistant: corrosion rate 0.001 anggang 0.01 mm/banwa
(3) Corrosion resistance: corrosion rate 0.01 anggang 0.1 mm/banua
(4) E ya pa mu rin masira: ing rate ning kaagnasan 0.1 anggang 1.0 mm/banua
(5) Mababa ing resistensya keng kaagnasan: ing rate ning kaagnasan 1.0 anggang 10 mm/banua
(6) E ya maka-corrosion-resistant: ing corrosion rate mas maragul ya kesa 10 mm/year
siyam a anti-corrosion a paralan
1. Mamili kang materyales a e makasira agpang keng makasira a medium
keng aktwal a pamaglalang, ing corrosion ning medium komplikadu ya, agyang pareu ya ing material ning valve a gagamitan keng pareung medium, miyayaliwa ing concentration, temperatura ampo pressure ning medium, ampo ing corrosion ning medium keng material ali ya parehu. Para keng balang 10°C a pamagtas keng medium a temperatura, ing corrosion rate daragul yang 1~3 besis.
Ing medium a konsentrasyun atin yang maragul a impluwensya keng corrosion ning materyales ning balbula, antimo ing lead atyu keng sulphuric acid a maki malating konsentrasyun, ing corrosion malati ya, at nung ing konsentrasyun migit ya keng 96%, ing corrosion tatas yang maragul. Ing carbon steel, ing kabaligtaran, atin yang peka grabing corrosion nung ing sulfuric acid concentration mga 50% ya, at nung ing concentration miras yang maygit 60%, ing corrosion mabawas yang maragul. Alimbawa, ing aluminum makasira ya keng concentrated nitric acid na ating konsentrasyun a maigit 80%, pero makasira ya keng medium ampo mababang konsentrasyun ning nitric acid, ampo ing stainless steel masyadu yang resistant keng dilute nitric acid, pero mas malala ya keng maigit 95% concentrated nitric acid.
ibat kareng alimbawa babo, akit tamu na ing ustu pamamili kareng materyales ning balbula dapat makabasi ya keng partikular a sitwasyun, mag-analisa kareng miyayaliwang sangkan a makaapektu keng corrosion, ampo mamili kareng materyales agpang kareng kaugnayan a anti-corrosion manuals.
2. Gamitan la reng e metal a materyales
Ing non-metallic corrosion resistance masanting ya, basta ing temperatura ampo ing pressure ning balbula makatupad ya kareng requirements da reng non-metallic a materyales, e mu kabud asolve ing problema keng corrosion, nune makatipid ya kareng maulagang metal. Ing valve body, bonnet, lining, sealing surface ampo reng aliwang karaniwan a gagamitan a e metal a materyales gagawan da la.
Deng plastic antimo ing PTFE ampong chlorinated polyether, antimurin ing natural rubber , neoprene , nitrile rubber ampong aliwang rubber ing gagamitan da para king valve lining , at ing main body ning valve body bonnet gawa ya king cast iron ampong carbon steel . E mu kabud sisiguraduan na ing sikanan ning balbula, nune sisiguraduan na mu rin na e ya masira ing balbula.
Ngeni, darakal la reng plastic antimo ing nylon ampong PTFE ing magagamit, at natural rubber ampong synthetic rubber ing magagamit ba lang gawang miyayaliwang sealing surface ampong sealing ring, a magagamit kareng miyayaliwang valve. Deting e metal a materyales a gagamitan da bilang sealing surfaces ali mu atin lang masanting a corrosion resistance, nune atin lang masanting a sealing performance, na masanting gamitan keng media a maki particles. syempre, e la masyadung masikan ampo e la masyadung maka-heat, ampo limitadu ing range da reng aplikasyun.
3. Metal surface treatment
(1) Valve connection: Ing valve connection snail keraklan gagawan deng galvanizing, chrome plating, ampo oxidation (asul) para mas masanting ing pamaglaban keng atmospheric ampo medium corrosion. Dagdag pa kareng mebanggit a paralan, deng aliwang fasteners gagawan da la naman deng surface treatments antimo ing phosphating agpang keng sitwasyun.
(2) Pamag-seal keng babo ampo kareng makasaradung bage a malating diametru: deng prosesu ning babo antimo ing nitriding ampo boronizing gagamitan la para asundu ing kayang resistance keng corrosion ampo wear resistance.
(3) Stem anti-corrosion: nitriding, boronization, chrome plating, nickel plating ampo reng aliwang prosesu ning pamag-treat keng babo maralas lang gagamitan para asundu ing kayang resistance keng corrosion, corrosion resistance ampo abrasion resistance.
Deng miyayaliwang surface treatments dapat lang masanting para kareng miyayaliwang stem materials ampo kareng obrang kapaligiran, keng atmospera, water vapor medium ampo asbestos packing contact stem, malyari lang gumamit hard chrome plating, gas nitriding process (stainless steel e ya dapat gumamit ion nitriding process): keng hydrogen sulfide atmospheric environment gamit ing electroplating matas a phosphorus nick coating mas masanting ya proteksibung performance; 38CrMOAIA malyari ya namang maging corrosion-resistant kapamilatan ning ion ampo gas nitriding, pero ing hard chrome coating ali ya masanting gamitan; Ing 2Cr13 malyari yang lumaban keng ammonia corrosion kaybat ning pamag-quench ampo pamag-tempering, ampo ing carbon steel gamit ing gas nitriding malyari ya namang labanan ing ammonia corrosion, kabang deng eganaganang phosphorus-nickel plating layers e la makalaban keng ammonia corrosion, ampo ing gas nitriding 38CrMOAIA material atin yang masanting a corrosion resistance ampo komprehensibung performance, at keraklan gagamitan de para gawang stem valves.
(4) Small-caliber valve body and handwheel: Maralas ya namang chrome-plated para asundu ing kayang corrosion resistance ampo para a-decorate ing valve.
4. Thermal spraying
Ing thermal spraying metung yang paralan ning pamagsadya kareng coatings, at meging metung ya kareng bayung teknolohiya para keng proteksyun ning material surface. Metung yang paralan ning pamagpatibe keng babo na gagamit matas a densidad a panibatan ning pali (gas combustion flame, electric arc, plasma arc, electric heating, gas explosion, atbp.) para painitan ampo tunawan ing metal o e metal a materyales, ampo i-spray la keng pretreated a basic surface keng porma ning atomization para gawang spray coating, o painitan ing basic keng parehung oras para ing coating pasibayu keng babo ning substrate para maging prosesu ning pamagpatibe ning babo ning spray welding layer.
Deng keraklan a metal ampo reng karelang alloy, metal oxide ceramics, cermet composites ampo hard metal compounds malyari lang i-coat kareng metal o ali metal substrates kapamilatan ning metung o mapilan a paralan ning pamag-spray king pali, a malyaring magpasanting king surface corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high temperature resistance ampo aliwa pang katangian, at magpakaba king bie ning serbisyu. Ing thermal spraying special functional coating, a maki heat insulation, insulation (o abnormal a kuryenti), grindable sealing, self-lubrication, thermal radiation, electromagnetic shielding ampo reng aliwang espesyal a katangian, ing pamangamit king thermal spraying malyari yang mag-ayus kareng bage.
5. Spray ing pintura
Ing coating metung yang malawak a paralan para laban keng kaagnasan, at metung yang anti-corrosion a materyales ampo identification mark kareng produktung balbula. Ing coating metung ya namang materyal a e metal, a keraklan gawa ya keng synthetic resin, rubber slurry, vegetable oil, solvent, atbp., a tatakpan ne ing babo ning metal, i-isolate ne ing medium ampo ing atmosphere, ampo ing sangkan ning anti-corrosion.
Deng coating keraklan magagamit la keng danum, asin, danum dayatmalat, atmospera ampo aliwa pang kapaligiran na e masyadung makasira. Ing kilub ning balbula maralas yang mipinta keng anticorrosive a pintura para aiwasan ing danum, angin ampo aliwa pang media na makasira keng balbula
6. Dagdagan ing corrosion inhibitors
Ing mekanismo nung makananu lang kontrolan deng corrosion inhibitors ing corrosion yapin ing magpromote ya keng polarization ning battery. Deng corrosion inhibitors keraklan gagamitan da la keng media ampo fillers. Ing pamagdagdag kareng corrosion inhibitors keng medium malyari yang magpabagal keng corrosion da reng kagamitan ampo balbula, antimo ing chromium-nickel stainless steel keng oxygen-free sulfuric acid, maragul a solubility range keng cremation state, mas seryusu ing corrosion, pero nung dagdagan me ing ditak a copper sulfate o nitric acid ampo aliwa pang oxidan, malyari yang gawang blunt ing stainless steel state, ing babo ning protective film para aiwasan ing erosion ning medium, keng hydrochloric acid, nung ditak mung oxidant ing idagdag, ing corrosion ning titanium malyari yang mabawas.
Ing valve pressure test maralas yang gagamitan bilang medium para keng pressure test, na madaling maging sangkan ning corrosion ningbalbula, at ing pamagdagdag ditak a sodium nitrite keng danum makaiwas ya keng corrosion ning valve keng danum. Ing asbestos packing atin yang chloride, na makasira keng valve stem, ampo ing chloride content malyari yang mabawas nung gamitan ing steaming water washing method, pero ing paralan ayni masakit yang ipatupad, at e malyaring maging sikat keng pangkabilugan, at para mu kareng espesyal a pamangailangan.
Para protektan ing valve stem ampo aiwasan ing corrosion ning asbestos packing, keng asbestos packing, ing corrosion inhibitor ampo ing sacrificial metal makabalut la keng valve stem, ing corrosion inhibitor metung yang sodium nitrite ampo sodium chromate, na malyaring maggenerate passivation film keng babo ning valve stem ampo para mas masanting ing resistance ning valve stem, ampo gawan deng solvent stem ing corrosion inhibitor mabagal yang matunaw at maglarin yang lubricating role; Ing tutu na niti, ing zinc metung ya namang corrosion inhibitor, na malyaring mumuna makiabe keng chloride keng asbestos, para ing chloride ampo ing stem metal contact opportunity mabawas ya, para akwa ing sangkan ning anti-corrosion.
7. Proteksyun keng electrochemical
Atin yang adwang uri ning proteksyun keng electrochemical: proteksyun a anodic ampo proteksyun a cathodic. nung ing zinc magagamit ya para protektan ing bakal, ing zinc masira ya, ing zinc awsan deng sacrificial metal, keng pamagpraktis ning pamaglalang, ing anode protection mas ditak ya gagamitan, ing cathodic protection mas dakal ya gagamitan. Ing cathodic protection method magagamit ya para kareng mangaragul a valve ampo kareng importanting valve, na metung yang economic, simple ampo epektibung paralan, ampo ing zinc daragdagan de keng asbestos packing para protektan ing valve stem.
8. Kontrolan ing makasira a kapaligiran
Ing awsan dang kapaligiran atin yang adwang uri ning malapad a kabaldugan ampo makitid a kabaldugan, ing malapad a kabaldugan ning kapaligiran mangabaldugan yang kapaligiran a makapadurut king lugal ning pamag-instalar ning balbula ampo ing kayang panlub a sirkulasyun, at ing makitid a kabaldugan ning kapaligiran mangabaldugan yang kundisyun king paligid ning lugal ning pamag-instalar ning balbula.
E la malyaring kontrolan deng keraklan kareng kapaligiran, at e la malyaring alilan deng prosesu ning pamaglalang. Nung alang masira ing produktu ampo prosesu, ing paralan ning pamagkontrol keng kapaligiran malyari yang gamitan, antimo ing deoxygenation ning danum ning boiler, pamagdagdag alkali keng prosesu ning pamagdalisay ning langis para a-adjust ing PH value, atbp. Manibat kening punto de vista, ing pamagdagdag kareng corrosion inhibitors ampo electrochemical protection a mebanggit babo metung ya namang paralan para makontrol ing corrosive a kapaligiran.
Ing atmospera mitmu yang alikabuk, singaw ning danum ampo asuk, lalu na keng kapaligiran ning pamaglalang, antimo ing asuk brine, makalasun a gas ampo mapinung pulbura a lulual kareng kasangkapan, na magdalang miyayaliwang degree ning kaagnasan keng balbula. Ing operator dapat yang regular a maglinis ampo magpurge keng balbula ampo magrefuel regular agpang kareng probisyon da reng operating procedures, na metung a epektibung paralan para makontrol ing environmental corrosion. Ing pamag install keng protective cover keng valve stem, ing pamag set keng ground well keng ground valve, ampo ing pamag spray keng pintura keng babo ning valve ila ngan deng paralan para aiwasan ing corrosive substances na maka erode kengbalbula.
Ing pamagtas ning temperatura ning paligid ampo ing polusyun ning angin, lalu na para kareng kasangkapan ampo balbula keng makasaradung kapaligiran, magpabilis ya keng karelang pangasira, ampo ding makabuklat a talyer o bentilasyon ampo ding paralan ning pamaglamig dapat gamitan la angga keng malyari para mabagal ing pangasira ning kapaligiran.
9. Paburen ing teknolohiya ning pamagprosesu ampo ing istruktura ning balbula
Ing anti-corrosion protection ningbalbulametung yang problema na meisip manibat keng umpisa ning pamagdisenyu, at ing metung a produktu ning balbula a maki makatuliran a disenyu ning istruktura ampo ustu ing paralan ning prosesu alang alinlangan atin yang masanting a epektu keng pamagbagal ning pangasira ning balbula. Uli na niti, ing departamentu ning pamagdisenyu at pamaglalang dapat yang magpasanting kareng bage a e makatuliran king pamagdisenyu king istruktura, e ustu king paralan ning pamagprosesu at madaling maging sangkan ning kaagnasan, ban a-adapt la kareng pamangailangan da reng miyayaliwang kundisyun ning obra.
Oras ning pamagpost: Jan-22-2025
